Arrester manufacturers are over-voltage protection appliances, but they still have over-voltage protection problems of their own.
Lightning arresters are over-voltage protection appliances, and they still have over-voltage protection problems of their own. For overvoltages with limited energy, such as lightning overvoltage and operating overvoltage, arrester discharge can play a role in voltage limiting protection.
For overvoltages with unlimited energy (with supplementary energy), such as transient overvoltage (general term for power frequency overvoltage and resonant overvoltage), its frequency is either the power frequency or an integer multiple or fractional multiple of the power frequency. There is always a time when it coincides with the power frequency of the power supply. If the transient overvoltage is triggered for some reason, the power frequency will The frequency power supply can automatically replenish the overvoltage energy. Even if the amplitude of the overvoltage discharged by the arrester does not attenuate or only weakens weakly, if the transient overvoltage enters the arrester protection action area, it will inevitably operate repeatedly for a long time until thermal collapse, and the arrester will be damaged and explode. Therefore, transient overvoltage is fatal to the arrester. If the arrester has limited all transient overvoltages within the protection dead zone and is not harmed by them, it is said to have strong transient overvoltage tolerance; otherwise, it is said to have poor transient overvoltage tolerance.
Silicon carbide arresters have a strong ability to withstand transient overvoltage, but due to poor stability of operating characteristics during operation, they may still suffer from transient overvoltage hazards due to the drop in impulse discharge voltage (starting voltage of the protection action area).
The gapless zinc oxide arrester has a low inflection point voltage (the reference voltage can be approximately regarded as the inflection point voltage), only 2.21~2.56Uxg (maximum phase voltage). Some transient overvoltages have a maximum value of 2.5~3.5Uxg, so they have the disadvantage of poor transient overvoltage endurance.
An effective way to protect against transient overvoltage hazards is to add a series gap with stable structural performance to limit all transient overvoltages within the protection dead zone to protect the arrester from its hazards. Series gap zinc oxide arresters have this unique advantage.
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