The role of lightning arrester
The lightning arrester is connected between the cable and the earth, usually in parallel with the equipment to be protected. Lightning arresters can effectively protect communication equipment. Once abnormal voltage occurs, the arrester will act to protect. When communication cables or equipment are operating at normal operating voltage, the lightning arrester will not work and is considered an open circuit to the ground. Once high voltage occurs and threatens the insulation of the protected equipment, the arrester will act immediately and direct the high voltage surge current to the earth, thereby limiting the voltage amplitude and protecting the insulation of communication cables and equipment. When the overvoltage disappears, the arrester quickly returns to its original state, allowing the communication line to operate normally.
Therefore, the main function of the arrester is to cut the amplitude of the intruding flow wave through the parallel discharge gap or nonlinear resistor, and reduce the overvoltage value of the protected equipment, thereby protecting communication lines and equipment.
Lightning arresters can be used not only to protect against high voltages generated by lightning, but also to protect against operating high voltages.
The function of a lightning arrester is to protect various electrical equipment in the power system from damage caused by lightning overvoltage, operating overvoltage, and power frequency transient overvoltage impact. The main types of arresters include protection gaps, valve-type arresters and zinc oxide arresters. The protection gap is mainly used to limit atmospheric overvoltage, and is generally used to protect power distribution systems, lines and substation incoming line sections. Valve type arresters and zinc oxide arresters are used for the protection of substations and power plants. In systems of 500KV and below, they are mainly used to limit atmospheric overvoltage. In ultra-high voltage systems, they will also be used to limit internal overvoltage or provide backup protection for internal overvoltage.
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