In summer, the weather is hot and there are many thunderstorms. When traveling, especially when visiting ancient mountain temples, you must pay attention to prevent lightning damage. Don't take it lightly.
Lightning is a natural phenomenon caused by the rapid discharge of electricity between thunderclouds and buildings and trees on the ground on rainy days. Thunderstorm clouds are low and there are positive and negative charges in the clouds. When they are close to the ground, they easily attract each other with the positive and negative electricity on the ground. At this time, when they collide with each other, lightning and thunder will be formed. This type of lightning is called "landing lightning." Lightning current is direct current, with current intensity up to tens of thousands of amperes and duration of about 10 microseconds. The high temperature of lightning can reach 6000-10000°C, and the heat generated at the contact point can melt a 3.8 mm thick iron plate. When lightning occurs, the high temperature in the flash channel causes the water droplets to vaporize, the wind volume expands rapidly, and the strong explosion sounds like thunder. This explosive effect can split large trees, collapse buildings, cause damage to people and animals in the wild who have no time to escape, and can even kill people and animals immediately.
The harm of lightning to the human body is caused by the direct effect of current, the effect of overvoltage or power supply, and the effect of high temperature. When a person is struck by lightning, electric current passes through the body quickly. Severe cases can cause cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, and death from brain tissue hypoxia. In addition, sparks are generated when lightning strikes, which can also cause skin burns to varying degrees. Lightning strikes can also cause dendritic lightning streaks, skin peeling, intracutaneous bleeding, and rupture of the eardrum or internal organs. Therefore, when traveling in summer, pay special attention to the following points:
① During thunder and rain, it is strictly prohibited to stay on the top of a mountain or high mountain. More importantly, we should not continue to ride high and watch the rainy scene. We should not flee under trees or near power poles. We should not walk or stand in open spaces. We should hide in a low-lying area as soon as possible, or try to find a room or a dry cave.
② During thunderstorms, do not use metal-handled umbrellas and remove metal-framed glasses, watches and trouser belts. If you are traveling by bicycle, you should leave the bicycle as soon as possible and stay away from other metal objects to avoid conducting electricity and being struck by lightning.
③ Do not go swimming, boating, fishing, etc. during thunderstorms.
④ In the event of lightning, thunder, wind or rain, tourists should immediately turn off the TV, tape recorder, stereo, air conditioner and other electrical appliances in the room to avoid electrical conduction when resting in the hotel. During thunder, it is safer to stay in the center of the room. Do not stay under electric lights or lean on pillars, walls, doors or windows to avoid accidents caused by electric shock during thunder.
In the event of a lightning strike, traveling companions should take the patient to the hospital immediately. If breathing and heartbeat have stopped at this time, mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and chest massage should be performed immediately at the scene, and on-site rescue should be actively carried out. Do not rush to seek medical treatment without first aid, otherwise it will delay the onset of illness and lead to death. Sometimes artificial respiration and chest massage are continued on the way to the hospital. In addition, attention should be paid to keeping the patient warm. If mental symptoms such as mania and convulsions occur, cold compress can also be applied to the head. For electrical burns, keep them dry or bandaged only in emergencies.
When a thunderstorm occurs, even if a metal oxide arrester is installed, indoor TVs, refrigerators and antenna power supplies should be unplugged quickly to prevent unnecessary losses caused by space electromagnetic waves. In addition, from the perspective of the formation and occurrence process of lightning, open spaces, tops of buildings, under tall trees, near rivers, lakes and swamps, and humid areas are all areas prone to lightning accidents.
Wang Hongmin, a member of the National Building Electrical Installation Standardization Technical Committee: When outdoors, you must consider the lightning activity area and the lightning activity distance. Generally we can judge distance by listening to thunder. We should not hide under lightning rods and big trees. Do not hold an umbrella in an open area, because the umbrella has needle points and the electric field intensity is concentrated. Don't use your phone in open areas. Squat down with your feet together.
Finally, it should be emphasized that during thunderstorms, citizens should hide in buildings with metal doors, windows or lightning rods. Cars with metal bodies are also "lightning protection sites." Once these buildings or cars are struck by lightning, their metal frames or lightning protection devices or the metal itself will lead the lightning current underground.
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